Medium1+ players·5–20 min
Word Ladders
Transform one word into another by changing one letter at a time — every step must be a valid word.
Word Ladders (also called Word Links or Doublets) were invented by Lewis Carroll in 1877. The puzzle gives you a start word and a target word of the same length, and you must transform one into the other by changing exactly one letter at a time — with every intermediate step being a valid English word. For example: CAT → CAR → BAR → BAT. The challenge is to complete the ladder in as few steps as possible.
The rules
- Only one letter may change per step.
- Every word in the chain, including all intermediate steps, must be a valid dictionary word.
- You cannot rearrange letters — only substitute one letter for another in the same position.
- The challenge is to find the shortest possible chain (fewest steps).
Strategy tips
- Work from both ends simultaneously — find words one step away from the start and one step away from the target, then look for where the chains can meet in the middle.
- Change the letter that differs most between start and target first — if both words share three of four letters, start by fixing the differing one.
- Identify "hub" words — common short words that connect to many others (CARE, LANE, ROSE, TIME) and route your chain through them.
- Our Unscramble tool can help you brainstorm valid words when you're stuck: think of what letters you could swap and search for real words with that pattern.